- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis in immunocompromised adults:
- Induction treatment: IV 5mg/kg/dose BD *7-14 days
- Maintenance: IV 5mg/kg/dose OD OR 6mg/kg 5 days/week
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis in adult transplant recipients at risk for CMV disease:
- Induction: IV 5mg/kg OD infused over 1hr *7-14 days
- Maintenance: IV 5mg/kg OD *100-120 days after transplant OR IV 6mg/kg OD *5 day/week *100-120 days after transplant
- Cytomegalovirus (CMV) prophylaxis in HIV (Off-label):
- IV 5-6mg/kg 5-7days/week (recurrence)
- IV 5-6mg/kg 5-7days/week (recurrence)
- CMV colitis or esophagitis in HIV-infected patients (Off-label):
- Initially IV 5mg/kg/dose BD
- Once therapy is tolerated, change to valganciclovir PO 900mg BD *21-42 days or until signs and symptoms have resolved
- Initially IV 5mg/kg/dose BD
- Congenital CMV infection (Off-label):
- <1 month: IV 6mg/kg/dose BD *6/52
- Acute herpertic keratitis (dendritic ulcers):
- Initially 1 drop to affected eye 5 times/day ( every 3hr while awake) until the corneal ulcer heals
- Maintenance: 1 drop to affected eye TDS *1/52
- Injection:
- 500mg/10mL
- Eye ointment:
- 5mg/g
- Reconstitute vial with 10 mL of Sterile Water for Injection
- Do not administer IM, SC, rapid infusion or IVP
- Administer by slow IV infusion over at least 1h at a final concentration not to exceed 10mg/mL
- Too rapid infusion can cause increased toxicity and excessive plasma levels
- Do not to wear contact lenses for the eye ointment
Antiviral
It inhibits replication of viral DNA when phosphorylated to a substrate, which competitively inhibits the binding of deoxyguanosine triphosphate to DNA polymerase
- Diarrhea
- Fever
- Leukopenia
- Anorexia
- Vomiting
- Anemia
- Neuropathy
- Diaphoresis
- Infection
- Rigors
- Pruritus
- Thrombocytopenia
- Cr elevated
- ALT or AST elevated
- Phlebitis
Eye ointment:
- Visual acuity loss
- Retinal detachment
- Vitreous hemorrhage
- Hypersensitivity reaction (e.g, anaphylaxis) to ganciclovir, valganciclovir or acyclovir
WARNING
- Hematologic toxicity: Granulocytopenia, anemia, thrombocytopenia, and pancytopenia reported
- Impairment of fertility: May cause temporary or permanent spermatogenesis inhibition in males and fertility suppression in females
- Fetal toxicity reported
- Mutagenesis and carcinogenesis potential
- Cidofovir
Drug Status
Availability | Prescription only |
Pregnancy | Contraindicated |
Breastfeeding | Contraindicated |
Schedule | Not scheduled |
BRAND NAME | STRENGTH | FORMULATION | PACK SIZE | MANUFACTURER | DISTRIBUTOR |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cymevene | 500mg/10mL | Injection | 1’s | F.Hoffman-La Roche | Surgipharm Ltd |
Glovirax | 1.5mg/g | Eye ointment | 5g | Galaxy Pharma | Galaxy Pharma |