- Alcohol dependence: To help maintain abstinence.
- Opioid dependence: As part of a comprehensive treatment program after detoxification.
Dosage:
- Alcohol dependence: 50 mg orally once daily.
- Opioid dependence:
- Initiate at least 7–10 days after last opioid use to avoid precipitated withdrawal.
- Oral: 25 mg test dose, then 50 mg daily if no withdrawal.
- Injectable (extended-release): 380 mg IM every 4 weeks or once a month (gluteal muscle).
- OP: 50 mg
- IM: 380 mg/vial
- Must be opioid-free for at least 7–10 days before starting.
- Can be taken with or without food.
- Regular follow-up and counseling are recommended as part of treatment.
Mechanism of Action:
- Naltrexone is a pure opioid antagonist.
- It blocks mu-opioid receptors, reducing the euphoric effects of opioids and alcohol.
- Helps reduce craving and relapse risk.
Pharmacokinetics:
- Oral bioavailability: ~5–40%
- Onset: 15–30 minutes (oral)
- Half-life: ~4 hours (naltrexone), 13 hours (active metabolite: 6-β-naltrexol)
- Metabolism: Hepatic
- Excretion: Renal
Common:
- Nausea
- Headache
- Dizziness
- Fatigue
- Insomnia
- Anxiety
Serious:
- Hepatotoxicity (dose-related)
- Depression, suicidal thoughts
- Injection site reactions (for IM form)
- Precipitated opioid withdrawal (if opioids are still in system)
- Current opioid use or opioid dependence
- Acute opioid withdrawal
- Hepatic failure
- Hypersensitivity to naltrexone or formulation components
- Opioid analgesics: Reduced or blocked effect of opioids (analgesia may be ineffective)
- May reduce the efficacy of opioid-containing cough and cold medications.
- No significant CYP450 interactions.
Drug Status
Availability | |
Pregnancy | |
Breastfeeding | |
Schedule |
BRAND NAME | STRENGTH | FORMULATION | PACK SIZE | MANUFACTURER | DISTRIBUTOR |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Addtrex | 765mg | Implant | 1’s | Rusan Pharma | Surgilinks Ltd |